Genital warts

GENITAL WARTS   A wart is a small growth with a rough texture that can appear anywhere on the body, it looks like a small cauliflower. All warts are caused by Human Papilloma Virus (HPV).     Genital Warts-Standard Treatment Guidelines Warts occuring on external genitalia are called genital warts. External genital warts are also known as condylomata acuminata. They are one of the most common forms of sexually transmitted diseases. Genital warts are single or multiple soft, painless, flat, papular, or pedunculated growths which appear around the anus, vulvovaginal area, penis, urethra and perineum. May also appear as keratinized papules. Common sites are Men: under the foreskin, on the shaft Women: around the introitus Both: On the anogenital epithelium,within the anogenital tract. High-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV 16 & 18 serotypes) cause essentially all cervical cancers, most anal and oropharyngeal cancers, and some vaginal, vulvar, and penile cancers.  There are about 14 high-risk HPV types including HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, and 68. Two of these, HPV16 and HPV18, are responsible for most HPV-related cancers. They are caused by a small DNA virus, a papillomavirus belonging to the papovavirus group, which cannot be cultured. Genital warts differ from skin warts histologically and antigenically. Genital warts are nearly always transmitted by sexual contact; autoinoculation from hand to genitals is unusual. The infectivity of sexually acquired warts is about 60%; the incubation period is long, varying from two weeks to eight months. Genital warts are often asymptomatic and painless. Patients may give a history of suddenly noticing them or noticing them only once their sexual contact has acquired them. Women are more likely to be unaware of warts because it is harder for them to examine their genitalia. Warts flourish in warm, moist…

    HPV Vaccine (Gardasil 9) warts

    GARDASIL 9 Vaccine - human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, 9-valent

     

    What is Gardasil 9 vaccine?

     

    Gardasil 9 (human papillomavirus (HPV)) vaccine is used in both females and males.

    Human papillomavirus (HPV) can cause genital warts, cancer of the cervix, anal cancer, and various cancers of the vulva or vagina.

    Gardasil 9 vaccine is used in girls and women ages 9 through 45 to prevent cervical/vaginal/anal cancers or genital warts caused by certain types of HPV.

    Gardasil 9 vaccine is also used in boys and men ages 9 through 45 to prevent anal cancer or genital warts caused by certain types of HPV.

    You may receive Gardasil 9 even if you have already had genital warts, or had a positive HPV test or abnormal pap smear in the past. However, this vaccine will not treat active genital warts or HPV-related cancers, and it will not cure HPV infection.

    Gardasil 9 vaccine prevents diseases caused only by HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58. It will not prevent diseases caused by other types of HPV.

    The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends HPV vaccine for all boys and girls ages 11 or 12 years old. The vaccine is also recommended in teenage boys and girls who have not already received the vaccine or have not completed all booster shots.

    Like any vaccine, the Gardasil 9 may not provide protection from disease in every person.

     

    Gardasil 9 vaccine will not protect against sexually transmitted diseases such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, herpes, HIV, syphilis, and trichomoniasis.

    You may feel faint during the first 15 minutes after receiving this vaccine. Some people have had seizure-like reactions after receiving this vaccine.

    Before taking this medicine

    To make sure Gardasil 9 vaccine is safe for you, tell your doctor if you have ever had:

    • an allergy to yeast, polysorbate 80, or to other vaccines;

    • a weak immune system (caused by conditions such as HIV or cancer); or

    • treatment with cancer medicine, steroids, or other drugs that can weaken your immune system.

    Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. If you get pregnant before you receive all needed doses of this vaccine, you may need to wait until after your baby is born to finish the series of shots.

     

    How is Gardasil 9 vaccine given?

    Gardasil 9 vaccine is given as an injection (shot) into a muscle in your upper arm or thigh.

    Gardasil 9 vaccine is given in a series of 2 or 3 shots. You may have the first shot at any time as long as you are between the ages of 9 and 45 years. The second dose is given 2 to 6 months after your first shot. A third dose may be given 6 to 12 months after your first shot.

    Be sure to receive all recommended doses of this vaccine or you may not be fully protected against disease.

     

    Gardasil 9 Dosing Information

     

    Usual Adult Dose for Human Papillomavirus Prophylaxis

    Cervarix(R):
    Females, up to 25 years old: 0.5 mL, intramuscularly, at 0, 1, and 6 months

    Gardasil(R):
    Females and males, up to 26 years: 0.5 mL, intramuscularly, at 0, 2, and 6 months

    Gardasil 9(R):
    Females and males, up to 45 years: 0.5 mL, intramuscularly, at 0, 2, and 6 months

    Uses: For the prevention of cervical, vulvar, and anal cancer caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in females, and prevention of anal cancer, genital warts, and anal intraepithelial neoplasia cause by HPV in males.

    Usual Adult Dose for Human Papillomavirus Prophylaxis:
    Aged 15 to 45 years: 0.5 mL, IM, at 0, 2, and 6 months.

    Usual Pediatric Dose for Human Papillomavirus Prophylaxis:

    Aged 9 to 14 years: 0.5 mL, IM, at 0, 2, and 6 months OR 0.5 mL IM, at 0 and a second dose between 6 and 12 months later.

    Uses: For the prevention of cervical, vulvar, and anal cancer caused by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in females, and prevention of anal cancer, genital warts, and anal intraepithelial neoplasia cause by HPV in males.

    The next dose should be given as soon as possible. There is no need to start over.

     

    Gardasil 9 vaccine side effects

     

    Common Gardasil 9 side effects may include:

    Human papillomavirus vaccine Side Effects (Applies to human papillomavirus vaccine: intramuscular suspension)

     

    Side effects requiring immediate medical attention

    Along with its needed effects, human papillomavirus vaccine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.

    Less common

    • Fever

    Incidence not known

    • Anxiety
    • back, leg, or stomach pains
    • bleeding gums
    • chest pain
    • chills
    • cough
    • dark urine
    • difficulty with breathing
    • difficulty with swallowing
    • dizziness or lightheadedness
    • fainting
    • fast heartbeat
    • general body swelling
    • headache
    • hives or welts, itching, or skin rash
    • loss of appetite
    • nausea
    • nosebleeds
    • pale skin
    • puffiness or swelling of the eyelids or around the eyes, face, lips, or tongue
    • redness of the skin
    • seizures
    • sore throat
    • swollen, painful, or tender lymph glands in the neck, armpit, or groin
    • tenderness, pain, swelling, warmth, skin discoloration, and prominent superficial veins over the affected area
    • tightness in the chest
    • unusual tiredness or weakness
    • vomiting
    • yellowing of the eyes or skin
    Less common
    • Diarrhea

    • difficulty with moving

    • joint pain or swelling

    • muscle ache, cramps, pain, or stiffness

    • upper abdominal or stomach pain

    Rare

    • Body aches or pain

    • ear congestion

    • loss of voice

    • nasal congestion

    • runny nose

    • sneezing

    Incidence not known

    • Bloating

    • constipation

    • dark urine

    • difficulty with moving

    • indigestion

    • pain, swelling, or redness at the injection site

    • pains in the stomach, side, or abdomen, possibly radiating to the back

     

    For Healthcare Professionals

    Applies to human papillomavirus vaccine: intramuscular suspension

    General

    The most common adverse events were injection site reactions, fatigue, headache, and myalgia.[Ref]

    Local

    Very common (10% or more): Injection site pain (91.9%), injection site swelling (49%), injection site erythema (48.4%)

    Common (1% to 10%): Injection site pruritus, injection site hematoma, injection site induration, injection site hemorrhage, injection site warmth, injection site mass, injection site reaction

    Postmarketing reports: Injection site cellulitis

    Very common (10% or more): Fatigue (54.6%), headache (53.4%), pyrexia (13%), fever of 99.5F or higher (12.9%)

    Common (1% to 10%): Chlamydia infection, malaise

    Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Death

     

    Musculoskeletal

    Very common (10% or more): Myalgia (48.8%), arthralgia (20.7%)

    Common (1% to 10%): Back pain

     

    Gastrointestinal

    Common (1% to 10%): Nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain upper, toothache

    Rare (less than 0.1%): Appendicitis, gastroenteritis

     

    Respiratory

    Common (1% to 10%): Nasopharyngitis, oropharyngeal pain, influenza, cough, nasal congestion, upper respiratory tract infection, pharyngitis

    Rare (0.01% to 0.1%): Pneumonia, pulmonary embolism, asthma

    Very rare (less than 0.01%): Bronchospasm

    Frequency not reported: Asthmatic crisis

     

    Nervous system

    Common (1% to 10%): Dizziness, migraine

    Rare : Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, motor neuron disease, paralysis, seizures, syncope (including syncope associated with tonic-clonic movements and other seizure-like activity) sometimes resulting in falling with injury, transverse myelitis

    Immunologic

    Common (1% to 10%): New medical conditions potentially indicative of systemic autoimmune disorders

     

    Hypersensitivity

    Common (1% to 10%): Injection site hypersensitivity

    Frequency not reported: Allergy to vaccine

     

    Hematologic

    Uncommon (0.1% to 1%): Lymphadenopathy

     

    Psychiatric

    Common (1% to 10%): Insomnia

     

    Genitourinary

    Common (1% to 10%): Dysmenorrhea, vaginal infection, urinary tract infection

    Rare (less than 0.1%): Pelvic inflammatory disease, pyelonephritis

     

    Dermatologic

    Common (1% to 10%): Rash, urticaria, itching/pruritus

     


    References

    1. "Product Information. Cervarix (human papillomavirus vaccine)." GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC.

    2. "Product Information. Gardasil (human papillomavirus vaccine)." Merck & Company Inc, West Point, PA.

    3. Cerner Multum, Inc. "Australian Product Information."

    4. Cerner Multum, Inc. "UK Summary of Product Characteristics."

    5. "Product Information. Gardasil 9 (human papillomavirus vaccine)." Merck & Company Inc, Whitehouse Station, NJ.

     

    More product information about Gardasil Vaccine click here

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